Relationship between gluten and ataxia in adults: systematic review
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.60108/ce.320Keywords:
Gluten ataxia, celiac disease, gluten sensitivity, gluten-free diet.Abstract
Introduction. Gluten proteins, in susceptible individuals, can directly or indirectly damage nerve networks, the central and/or peripheral nervous system being the first systems to be affected. One of the immune-mediated diseases caused by gluten ingestion is gluten ataxia, an idiopathic sporadic ataxia that is prominent in individuals who are sensitive and genetically susceptible to gluten exposure. Gluten ataxia may occur with or without enteropathy, and results from immunological damage to the cerebellum by antibodies against gluten.
Objectives. The overall objective of the review is to examine whether there is a relationship between gluten intake and ataxia in adults. The specific objectives are 1) to describe the relationship between gluten and the nervous system, 2) to define 'gluten ataxia' and 3) to examine gluten-related treatments for ataxia.
Material and methods. Bibliographic review of the main international databases: PubMed, Academic search complete, Cinhal, proQuest, ScienceDirect and SCOPUS, with scientific articles published from 2017 to 2021.
Results. In the literature search carried out between July and October 2021, 515 articles were found. After filtering and applying the inclusion/exclusion criteria, 14 articles were finally selected and used to perform the review.
Conclusions. Gluten ataxia is not well known either by health professionals or by the general population. However, several studies suggest that the gluten-free diet could be an effective treatment for gluten ataxia.
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