Evaluación de glucemias en pacientes diabéticos en el preoperatorio inmediato y en el postoperatorio tras administración de bebida carbohidratada

Evaluation of blood glucose levels in diabetic patients in the immediate preoperative and postoperative period after administration of carbohydrate drink

Abstract

Preoperative fasting and surgical stress can induce insulin resistance and postoperative hyperglycemia. Oral carbohydrate intake prior to surgery may attenuate the catabolic response induced by surgery and fasting and reduce postoperative insulin resistance. These carbohydrate drinks should be given equally in type II diabetic patients and should be given together with their usual anti-diabetic medication.

The main objectives were to analyze the glycemia levels of the patients (according to the drug administered) after the intake of carbohydrate beverages and to evaluate the complications of the surgical wound.

This is an observational, prospective, comparative (before and after), longitudinal study that analyzes 29 patients, comparing the glycemia of those who have metformin discontinued 24 hours before surgery and those who are suspended 5 days before the intervention, replacing it with sitagliptin.

Statistically significant results were found, as evidenced in this table, between capillary glycemia at the end of the operating room and two hours after surgery (0.028 and 0.002 respectively) and between the complications of suture dehiscence and the surgical wound (0.016 in both variables).

We concluded that patients who received sitagliptin (substitution of metformin for sitagliptin) reduced the risk of hyperglycemia after the administration of carbohydrate drink as well as decreased postoperative complications.