Estudio prospectivo de factores relacionados con la instauración de la lactancia materna en madres de recién nacidos pretérmino ingresados en una unidad de cuidados intensivos neonatales: nomograma de probabilidad de lactancia materna exclusiva al alta
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.60108/ce.15Palabras clave:
nomograma; lactancia materna; recién nacido pretérmino; producción lácteaResumen
Introducción. Pese a los múltiples beneficios de la lactancia materna en recién nacidos pretérmino su instauración resulta compleja.
Objetivos. Identificar factores relacionados con la producción láctea y el establecimiento de la lactancia materna exclusiva en madres de prematuros.
Material y método. Estudio realizado en 83 madres de prematuros ingresados en la UCI neonatal del Hospital Universitario Fundación Alcorcón. Se estudia la relación de factores que definen a la madre, el parto y la lactancia con las variables “Volumen de leche al 5º día postparto” y “Tipo de lactancia al alta” (lactancia materna exclusiva versus no-exclusiva).
Resultados. La “frecuencia de extracción” al 3º y 4º día postparto y el “volumen del 2º al 4º día postparto”, mostraron asociación con el volumen de leche al 5º día postparto. El “volumen de leche al 5º día postparto” y el “tipo de gestación (única o múltiple)”, influyen significativamente con el “Tipo de lactancia al Alta”.
Conclusiones. El volumen de leche al 5º día postparto y el tipo de gestación, mostraron asociación estadística con el establecimiento de la lactancia materna exclusiva al alta. El nomograma permite determinar la probabilidad de que un prematuro sea dado de alta de la UCI neonatal con lactancia materna exclusiva.
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